Volume 1, 1996

TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE, VELICHENKO V.V.
The article discusses the problems associated with the implementation of intellectual activity by technical systems, which until recently was the exclusive competence of humans. Methods and means for implementing such activity, which requires the use of extensive professional knowledge, the ability to navigate in a complex environment, make informed decisions, etc., but is not performed by humans, but by a technical system, are united by the term Technical Intelligence. Examples of existing and designed systems of Technical Intelligence are given, including those performing intellectual activity that is inaccessible to humans due to its complexity and volume. A classification of Intelligence levels necessary for discussing the problem is introduced. The qualitative levels of the Intelligence of choice and the Intelligence of theory are discussed, and on this basis a comparison of Natural and Technical intelligence is made. The relationship between Man and Technical Intelligence is discussed. It is shown that the emerging conflict between man and intelligent machine is resolved by moving from the principle of replacing Natural Intelligence with Technical Intelligence to the principle of displacing Natural Intelligence with Technical Intelligence at higher levels. On this basis, conclusions are drawn about the need to expand the scope of application of Technical Intelligence and limit the use of human labor in critical areas of activity, such as nuclear power plant or air traffic control.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION PLANNING, GELOVANI V.A., PERFILYEV K.G.
The paper describes the conceptual foundations, principles of operation and features of the implementation of a specific system for solving production planning problems over time, based on a combination of artificial intelligence and simulation methods.
COMBINATORIAL-LOGICAL APPROACH TO PATTERN RECOGNITION, KUDRYAVTSEV V.B., ALESHIN S.V.
The report provides a brief summary of the main concepts, results and methods for the problem of discrete pattern recognition.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTING INTELLIGENT COMMUNICATION NETWORKS, LAZAREV V.G., PIIL E.I.
The concept of intelligent networks (IS) is considered, allowing to unite different types of networks into a single network with service integration. The concept uses the concept of functional components and the presence of a number of systems, which are described in the article. The architecture of the IS is given.
TEN HOT SPOT IN RESEARCH ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, POSPELOV D.A.
An overview of the areas of artificial intelligence is provided, on which, in the author's opinion, the efforts of specialists will be concentrated in the next 10 years.
INFORMATION PROCESSES IN NEURAL NETWORKS, SOKOLOV E.N.
ULTRAMEDIA - A NEW DIRECTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, CHECHKIN A.V.
Ultramedia is a new type of intelligent systems. The idea of ultramedia arose and is being developed at Moscow State University as a generalization of the idea of multimedia based on the concepts of mathematical informatics. Ultramedia is a self-learning and self-organizing intelligent environment that breaks down into two interacting modeling environments, one analog, the other symbolic, and has two types of states, passive and active.
MULTILEVEL CONTROL OF DYNAMIC SIMULATORS, ALEXANDROV V.V., SADOVNICHIY V.A.
A brief description of the mathematical support for end-to-end modeling of an aerospace flight, carried out for the first time in the world practice of cosmonaut training, is given.
INTELLIGENT TRAINING SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN DISTANCE EDUCATION, BAULA V.G., ZYRYANOV M.I.
INTELLIGENT ROUTE SELECTION ALGORITHM IN A PROSPECTIVE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM, VELICHENKO V.V., VALUYEV A.M., ZUIKOV Yu.G.
The problem of drawing up an aircraft schedule for free, i.e. not tied to specific air corridors or routes. The problem is reduced to a sequence of problems of planning a free conflict-free trajectory for a starting aircraft, provided that the trajectories of the aircraft in flight do not change; a conflict-free trajectory is understood as a trajectory that bypasses safety zones around flying aircraft and other prohibited areas (hazardous weather phenomena, mountain ranges, testing grounds, large cities, etc.). Based on the established general form of the optimal conflict-free trajectory, a version of the branch and bound method is implemented, including elements of the dispatcher logic when constructing a selection tree. Examples are given that confirm its computational efficiency. The functions of the intelligent software environment in which the route selection problem is immersed are described: maintaining an operational information base, determining the conditions of the problem, visualizing the route selection process and the resulting solution. Proposals for its further development are formulated. A concept of dividing functions between humans and automatic intelligent systems in the future air traffic control system is proposed.
ABOUT PROBLEMS OF AUTOMATIC PROCESSING OF TEXTS IN NATURAL LANGUAGES, KULAGINA O.S.
COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR RECOGNITION OF DYNAMIC IMAGES IN IMAGE STREAM BASED ON ALGORITHMIC TECHNOLOGY, LITOVCHENKO Ts.G.
A new information technology is considered, which allows to select and recognize "noisy" objects in their development and dynamics. A scheme of a transputer complex for implementation of the corresponding procedures is proposed.
LINGUISTIC PROCESSOR AS PART OF SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM, MALKOVSKY M.G., VOLKOVA I.A., BLAGOVESHCHENSKY P.V.
ON DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES FOR AUTOMATIC PROBLEM SOLVING, PODKOLZIN A.S.
A computer system has been developed that imitates human behavior when solving mathematical problems. The system was trained for such sections as elementary algebra, trigonometry and differential calculus: a fairly high percentage of solved problems of medium complexity was achieved. The solver is based on a new principle of organizing problem solving processes, which ensures its almost quasi-gradient functioning and allows to overcome the enumeration effect.
MEDIS SYSTEM - A NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN ORGANIZING THE TREATMENT PROCESS, RODIN S.R.
The paper describes the medical integrated system MEDIS, designed for complex automation of domestic hospitals and clinics based on local area networks of personal computers using new information technology. The system covers all services of a medical institution directly related to the organization of the treatment and rehabilitation process. The system provides automated creation and maintenance of a formalized patient medical history by doctors of medical and diagnostic departments. The system uses an original approach to automating diagnostic examinations based on the construction of a whole family of specialized complexly organized adaptive dialogue schemes, the logic of which is determined by special algorithms controlled by input data. In the future, the system will consist of a family of compatible subsystems oriented towards use in medical institutions of various types, which will allow the use of a single patient medical history and, on this basis, the integration of medical institutions of various types into a single network.
ON-BOARD OPERATIONAL ADVICE EXPERT SYSTEMS ON BOARD ANTHROPOCENTRIC HUMAN-MACHINE OBJECTS, FEDUNOV V.E., ROMANOVA V.D., YUNEVICH N.D.
On-board operational advice expert systems allow the operator of an information-complex anthropocentric object to receive recommendations in real time on resolving problem situations that arise before it. User requirements for such an expert system are discussed; the structure of its knowledge base is given: a spatio-temporal representation of the "world" through mathematical models of actors and significant events for each problem situation; a hierarchically ordered set of rules with the structure "if ..., then ...". The results of a specific development are briefly presented.
DEVELOPMENT OF MEANS OF CONTROL OF CONSISTENCY OF COMPONENTS OF KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, DULIN S.K.
ON STABLE CONFIGURATIONS IN HOMOGENEOUS STRUCTURES, DUMOV A.S.
The issue of algorithmic decidability of existence in homogeneous structures of such configurations g, that g = F(g), is considered. F is the transition function of the OS. It is established that this property is algorithmically decidable for linear OS and undecidable for flat OS.
ALGORITHMS FOR COMPLEMENTING PRIMITIVE SYSTEMS OF ELEMENTS OF FREE LIE ALGEBRAS TO FREE GENERATING SETS, ZOLOTYKH A.A., MIKHALEV A.A.
ORDERS OF NORMS OF PARTIALLY ORDERED SETS, KUMAN G., KERRE A.
Semi-normed and semi-normalized fuzzy integrals associated with confidence measures are introduced. Some important general properties of these integrals are established. The combination of semi-normed fuzzy integrals and possibility measures on the one hand, and semi-normalized fuzzy integrals and necessity measures on the other hand, is also investigated.
OPTIMIZATION OF DECISION TREES, MOSHKOV M.
Decision trees with tests from an infinite set and complexity measures characterizing the running time of decision trees are considered. The conditions for solvability of problems of minimizing the complexity of decision trees are studied.
ASSESSMENT OF THE DEGREE OF FUZZINESS AND ITS APPLICATION IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS, RYZHOV A.P.
HYPERTEXT AND ULTRATEXT, CHECHKIN A.V.
An operational expert system is formed based on the hypertext, based on the concepts and methods of mathematical informatics. The operational expert system perceives the given hypertext and generates a new one by supplementing the original hypertext with its logical consequences based on the knowledge available in the expert system. The newly generated hypertext is called an ultratext.
ON THE CONCEPT OF "PRICE OF INFORMATION", SHANKIN G.P.
The issue of the price (value) of information for a specific user is considered. In this case, the value is the "profit" received by the user when selling the information (taking into account the presence of a priori knowledge about the object of interest to him). In a specific semantic model of information as data contained in a message, such properties of information as its novelty, volume, reliability, etc. are studied.
SEMANTIC INFORMATION: NEW SYNTHESIS OF EXACT AND HUMANITIES SCIENCES, SHANKIN Y.P.
ON THE COMPLEXITY OF CONDITIONAL TESTS FOR FAULT DIAGNOSTICS OF FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT CIRCUIT METHODS, SHEVCHENKO V.I.
A mathematical model of the problem of fault diagnostics of discrete devices in which the output signals can be described by a system of Boolean equations is investigated. Estimates of the depth of the conditional test for arbitrary bases of Boolean functions are obtained.
FORMAL SYSTEM TEACHING THE LANGUAGE OF FIRST-ORDER PREDICATE LOGIC, GORSKAYA I.V.
A system has been developed that teaches the presentation of knowledge in the language of predicate logic. The system's operation is based on procedures for converting predicate logic formulas to a standard ("readable") form and comparing equivalent formulas with respect to a special system of transformations.